Pronounced "Konk", the Florida Fighting Conch belongs to a class of marine animals known as Gastropods. The Florida Fighting Conch is very common in shallow waters in southern and West Florida. Fighting Conchs are also found along the coasts of North Carolina and throughout the Caribbean region and in the Gulf of Mexico. These animals live in shallow sea grass or sand flats. They feed on algae and their eyes are positioned at the end of eye stalks.
Gastropods make up the largest class of mollusks. They are around 2-3 inches in length. The Florida Fighting Conchs have sickle-shaped operculum at the end of the foot which assist the conch in crawling and it is used to ward off potential predators. The operculum also seals the opening of the shell. Fighting Conchs will bury themselves in the sand bed and clean the upper layers. These animals "lick" the surface of the sand and sea grass with a structure called a "rasping tongue" or "radula". As these little sea creatures drag around their shell, you can see their mouth and eyes coming out of from the opening of the shell.
The Florida Fighting Conch reaches sexual maturity around one year of age. At this time, they are 6-8 centimeters in length. Once the male and female mate, the female will lay an egg mass that will hatch 3 to 4 days later. The baby conchs develop in the water column for 3-4 weeks. After this, they settle into their nursery habitat of sea grass beds and sand flats.
Most mollusks if picked up, will pull back into their shells and close their doors as a defensive maneuver so the opening of the shell is capped off for safety. If the Florida Fighting Conch is picked up, it may come far out of it's shell and make vigorous efforts and attempts to escape by thrashing about in your hands, thus the name.
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View A Photo Of A Florida Fighting Conch Shell Close-up
View A Photo Of A Florida Fighting Conch Shell On The Beach
View A Photo Of A Florida Fighting Conch Shell In The Surf
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While we have been snorkeling or swimming in 2-6 feet of water, we have observed Fighting Conchs moving along the sandy bottom of the ocean. When floating above them, you can see them looking at you with their eyes which are positioned at the end of eye stalks. During the late afternoon hours to sunset, we have also observed them slowly rising up from the sand beds as they crawl along the sandy floors and sea grass beds looking for algae to eat.
One evening while snorkeling at Fort DeSoto Beach, we noticed that more than one type of conch will work together to pry open the two halves of a large live clam. Once they got the clam opened, they were enjoying the clam juices and the meat inside. We have seen different types of conchs working together to do this, and even a Lightning Whelk stopped by to help.
If you find a live conch shell of any species, please be gentle with them and have respect for these little creatures. Observe their beautiful shells and then quickly and safely return them back to the ocean. Their shell is their home so do NOT take their home away from them. There are plenty of washed up conch shells on the beach that have no animal in them. Be careful though, for we have picked up conch shells that had no conch/snail in them but the shells had crabs hiding in them.
We have also found conch shells that have even had small fish using the shell for a home. We gently placed the shell and it's resident back into the ocean where we got them from. It seems that other sea creatures use conch shells and other sea shells for a safe home too. After a storm, is a good time to find washed up conch shells on the beaches of Florida, but double-check that nobody is using the shell you found as a home.